Transformer cooling apparatus



June 24, 1930.` J. KUBLER 1,766,554

TRANSFORMER COOLING. APPARATUS Filed Oct. 28.l 1927 Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES VPATENT OFFICE JOHANNES XUBLER, 0F BADEN,SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR TO AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT BROWN BOVERI & CIE., OF BADEN, SWITZERLAND, A JOINT-STOCK COMPANY OF SWITZERLAND TRANSFORMER COOLING APPARATUS` Application :led October 28, 1927, Serial No. 229,308, and in Germany November 13, 1928.

draft cooling apparatus which will obtainy uniform cooling effect among different radiators.

A further object is the provision of a forced draft cooling apparatus for transformers which is adapted for use with o1l circulating containers of various commen cial forms and which does not encumber the container or involve elaborate auxiliary features.

Other and further objects will be pointed out or indicated hereinafter or will appear to one skilled in the art upon an understanding ofthe invention or its employment in practice.

In the drawing forming a part of this specification, I illustrate one form in which the invention may be embodied, together with various modified details', but it is to be understood that these are presented for purpose of illustration only and are not to be mterpreted in any fashion for limiting the claims short of the true and most comprehensive scope of the invention in the art.

In the drawing,

Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in sectional elevation, of an apparatus containing the invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail in the nature of a longitudinal sectional elevation of one form of radiator;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view, the section being 4taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view, the section being taken on the line 1-4 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 4, showing a modified form;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing a second modified form; and

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view, the section being taken on the line 7 7 in Fig. 6

As is well known in the art, it is customary to provide ythe tanks or casings in which electrical apparatus, such as a transformer, is housed, within a body of oil, with external radiators which are exposed to air and have communication with the tank to accommodate the circulation of oil throu h the radiators, wherein it is cooled by t e connected with the tank. By the present invention, the circulation of cooling air on the several radiators is equalized, and the amount of air which it is necessary to handle by a blower, compressor, or the like,l is not such as to necessitate a large pump, in order to attain the desired cooling effect.

The nature of the invention will be ascertained by a consideration of the illustrative forms shown in the drawing. In the embodiments illustrated in Fig. 1, the reference numeral 10 designates the transformer tank or casing in which the transformer 11 is housed, within a body of oil. The casing is provided with external radiators, comprising upper headers 12 and lower headers 14 mounted thereon and communicating with the interior thereof, and tubes 15 connecting the headers. Thus oil from within the casing may enter the upper header, pass downwardly through the tubes 15 to the lower header 14, being cooled meanwhile, and enter the lower portion of the casing. The radiators illustrated in Fig. 1 are arranged in a radial or outstanding position on the sides of the casing, but such arrangement is not essential to the invention. 'The radiators are exposed to air for the coohng effect. To in-` crease the circulation of air in contact with the heat transfer surfaces of the radiators, and`thereby increase or expedite the effect, I provide for a forced clrculation o air through the radiators and a suitable distribution of such air to the different radiatact with the tubes '15 is materially increased.

The air thus circulated in contact with the tubes is not only that which is injected through the passages 14 but also air which is about the tubes and which is entrained or set in motion by the injected air. The forced circulation of the air in the upward direc tion is in accordance with the natural direction of-movement of the air as it is heated, the forced draft thus augmenting and expediting the natural travel of the air. The movement of the air upwardl yfrom the lower portions of the radiators 1i ewise tends to romote the circulation of oil in the normal irection, viz., downwardly through the radiators, as with the most rapid cooling at the lower portion of the radiators, there is not the likelihood of counterdirectional convection currents within the tubes. Thus a more rapid circulation of the oil through the oontainer and the radiators is promoted.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 5, it will be observed, the radiator tubes 15 at opposite sides of the air inlet 14* are arranged so as to converge upwardly, so as to a'ordan upwardly contractin air path between them, which is calculat v to give uniform distribution of air along the length of the tubes.

For the purpose of increasing the entraining action ofthe injected air, the air inlets ma be arranged in the form of nozzles 14", asi ustratedl in Fi 6, said nozzles extending to some distance above the l'ower headers, so s to produce a very decided entraining efect.

The invention claimed is:

1. In transformer cooling apparatus, a casing, a radiator unit comprising a plurality of vertically disposed laterally spaced tubular elements communicating at their upper and lower ends with the interior'of said casing, a

`aaid' direction to form a contracting end of the same, said elements' converging in assa .for said uid, and means for su plyixig coo mg fluld under pressure to'sai member for discharge therefrom in said 2. In transformer cooling apparatus, a caslng, av radiator unit comprising an upper and a lower header, both of said headers being in communication with said casing', laterally spaced tubular elements joining said header, said elements being arrangedA to enclose an ulpwardly converging s ace, a nozzle for disc arging a coohn ui supplied thereto under pressure, sai nozzle extending throu h said lower header and being a su stantially parallel with the axis of said elements.

I n testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 11 da of October, A. D. 1927, at Zurich, Switzer d.

JOHANNES KUBLEB.

duid discharge member disposed at one end of said unit intermediate said elements and arranged to direct coolin fluid in a direction substantially longitu inally of said unit from said end thereof toward the opposite 

